DURBAN, South Africa — After 72 hours of continuous wrangling, the 17th conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on (Climate) Change wrapped up early Sunday with modest accomplishments: the promise to work (toward) a new global treaty in coming years and the establishment of a new climate fund.
The deal on a future treaty renews the Kyoto Protocol, the fraying 1997 emissions agreement that sets different terms for advanced and (developing) countries, for several more years. But it also begins a process for replacing the Kyoto agreement with something that treats all countries — including the economic (powerhouses) China, India and Brazil — equally.
The deal on a future treaty was the most highly contested element of a package of agreements that emerged from the extended talks among 200 nations here.
The expiration date of the protocol — 2017 or 2020 — and the terms of any agreement that replaces it will be negotiated at future (sessions).
The delegates also agreed on the creation of a fund to help poor countries adapt to climate change — though the precise sources of the money have yet to be determined — and to measures involving the preservation of (tropical) forests and the development of clean-energy technology. The reserve, called the Green Climate Fund, would help mobilize a promised $100 billion a year in public and (private) financing by 2020 to assist developing countries in adapting to climate change and converting to clean energy sources.