易说堂学习资源

E-SAY讲座当前位置:首页 > 学习资源 > E-SAY讲座

英国脱欧、川普当选,果然成了今年英语词典界的年度词汇啊

 英国脱欧、川普当选,果然成了今年英语词典界的年度词汇啊


 

不怪世界变化快,只怪歪果仁的脑回路太奇怪。

 

今年,说英语的世界里发生了两件大事,一个是英国脱欧公投,一个是美国总统大选。

 

几经周折的脱欧这事儿如今还没完(戳这里),完美收官的大选美剧,川普逆袭也让吃瓜群众始料未及,不过人家当选后的画风还是蛮给力的(戳这里)。

 

燃鹅,紧跟时事热点的不仅有像世纪君这般战斗力爆棚,肤白颜美又格外贴心的编编(说的自己都不好意思了),就连皮硬瓤厚的英文词典君也跟着来凑热闹……

 

这不,《柯林斯词典》(Collins Dictionary)和《牛津英语词典》(Oxford English Dictionary)就双双推出了2016年度词汇,接下来就让本君来给小伙伴们八一八~

 

首先要恭喜“Brexit(脱欧)”荣登《柯林斯词典》年度词汇榜首。虽说脱欧这事儿不是想脱就脱,但扯来扯去就成了英国今年的主旋律。

 

 

Brexit一词2013年首次被收录于《柯林斯词典》,今年的使用率暴涨了3400%。这么高频,PK掉热词Trumpism(川普主义)称霸词汇榜单自然不在话下呢~

 

快来围观一下都有哪些词上榜吧~

 

Brexit 脱欧

 

The withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union

 

指英国退出欧盟

 

Dude food 纯爷们食品

 

Junk food such as hot dogs, burgers, etc considered particularly appealing to men

 

指热狗、汉堡等特别招男生喜欢的垃圾食品

 

Hygge 幸福

 

A concept, originating in Denmark, of creating cosy and convivial atmospheres that promote wellbeing

 

幸福就是吃着火锅唱着歌~ (呀,路子带跑偏了……)这里说的是人家丹麦的文化,指惬意舒适和轻松愉快带来的安乐。

 

JOMO 错过的快乐

 

Joy of missing out: pleasure gained from enjoying one’s current activities without worrying that other people are having more fun

 

别人家的不一定是最好的,只可惜不少人就爱盯着别人比,最后还给自己带来一万点伤害。JOMO是joy of missing out的首字母缩写,指的是享受自己当下的快乐,而不去担心别人比你更开心。

 

Mic drop 扔麦

 

A theatrical gesture in which a person drops (or imitates the action of dropping) a hand-held microphone to the ground as the finale to a speech or performance

 

唱着唱着歌,讲着讲着话,把手里的麦克扔了,这气场也是厉害了word哥~ 这里扔麦指的是在讲话或表演结束时,把手里的麦克风扔到地上的(有的是假装的)夸张动作。

 

Sharenting 晒娃

 

The habitual use of social media to share news, images, etc of one’s children

 

自从有了社交媒体,就少不了一个“新物种”的存在——晒娃狂魔,关于他们熊孩纸的新鲜事儿和美图已经在你的朋友圈刷屏惹……

 

Snowflake generation 雪花一代

 

The young adults of the 2010s, viewed as being less resilient and more prone to taking offence than previous generations

 

年轻人,恭喜你萌也上榜了。雪花一代真是把“玻璃心”描述得恰到好处,表示这一代人比起前辈们内心脆弱,更容易生气。

 

Throw shade 公开嫌弃

 

To make a public show of contempt for someone or something, often in a subtle or non-verbal manner

 

心里嫌弃还不够,必须还要当着很多人的面儿把这个表情做足。这里指在公开场合对某人或某事表现出蔑视的样子,通常体现在细微或非语言的举动上。

 

Trumpism 川普主义

(1) the policies advocated by the US politician Donald Trump, especially those involving a rejection of the current political establishment and the vigorous pursuit of US national interests

(2) a controversial or outrageous statement attributed to Donald Trump

 

川普主义有两层含义,一是指川普提倡的政策,特别是那些涉及反对美国现有政治建制及强烈追求美国国家利益的政策,二是川普那些充满争议又不靠谱的言论。

 

Uberization 优步化

The adoption of a business model in which services are offered on demand through direct contact between a customer and supplier, usually via mobile technology

 

指一种商业模式,用户需求可以通过其与服务提供者的直接联系而实现,通常要借助移动技术。

 

这边厢《柯林斯词典》选出了Brexit(脱欧)打榜,那边厢的《牛津英语词典》也po出了Post-truth(后真相)作年度词~

 

听说过去一年里,这个词被“翻牌子”的频率一直居高不下。至今还不知道它是神马意思的小伙伴,看这里(敲黑板)↓↓↓

这是个形容词,意指“相比客观事实,情绪和信念更能影响公众看法”。

 

It is defined as an adjective relating to circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than emotional appeals.

 

《牛津英语词典》的负责人Casper Grathwohl表示,在今年6月的英国脱欧公投和7月川普赢得美国共和党总统候选人提名时,“后真相”的出镜率都炒鸡高,即便现在也是不能停的节奏,因此这是一个反映了时代的热词。

 

We first saw the frequency really spike this year in June with buzz over the Brexit vote and again in July when Donald Trump secured the Republican presidential nomination.

 

Given that usage of the term hasn't shown any signs of slowing down, I wouldn't be surprised if post-truth becomes one of the defining words of our time.

 

其他被《牛津英语词典》相中的热词,除了Hygge(幸福)与《柯林斯词典》英雄所见略同,还有这些:

 

Adulting 成年人的行事方式

 

The practice of behaving in a way characteristic of a responsible adult, especially the accomplishment of mundane but necessary tasks.

 

大人们的世界,小孩纸有点儿搞不懂。作为一枚成年人自然多了更多的责任,这个词指的是负责任的成年人的行事方式,特别是要做好平凡却又必要的事情。

 

Alt-right 另类右翼运动

 

An ideological grouping associated with extreme conservative or reactionary viewpoints, characterised by a rejection of mainstream politics and by the use of online media to disseminate deliberately controversial content.

 

指的是思想和观点极端保守的团体,它们不接受主流的政治观点并利用网络媒体故意散布争议性的内容。

 

Brexiteer 英国脱欧支持者

 

A person who is in favour of the United Kingdom withdrawing from the European Union.

 

英国脱欧大戏至今也没迎来大结局,除了脱欧(Brexit),现在又多了这个表达专指支持英国退出欧盟的人。

 

Chatbot 聊天机器人

 

A computer program designed to simulate conversation with human users, especially over the internet.

 

如果你以为这是《西部世界》里那样的机器人,那就想多了。它指的是用来与人类对话交流的网络程序,特别是用于网络交流。

 

Coulrophobia 小丑恐惧症

 

Extreme or irrational fear of clowns.

 

今年平白跑粗来吓唬人的小丑,也是让不少小伙伴们添了新症状(戳这里)。这个词指对小丑极其害怕或莫名的恐惧。

 

Glass cliff 玻璃悬崖

 

Used with reference to a situation in which a woman or member of a minority group ascends to a leadership position in challenging circumstances where the risk of failure is high.

 

悬崖已经够险的了,更何况是玻璃的,想想也是令人心惊胆战。英文这个词指女性或少数群体在重重挑战中立于领导地位,其失败的风险也是相当高的。

 

Latinx 拉丁裔

 

A person of Latin American origin or descent (used as a gender-neutral or non-binary alternative to Latino or Latina).

 

指的是拉丁美洲人或者拉丁血统的后裔,是个中性词。

 

Woke 唤醒

[Originally in African-American usage] Alert to injustice in society, especially racism.

 

这个词源于非洲裔美国人,现在指对社会不公正的警惕,尤指种族主义。
 感恩节,然而说“谢谢”你还只会用THANK YOU?老外其实都这么说~    还在用CLEVER和SMART?歪果仁夸人智商在线原来还能这样说~